Migration in the Helsinki region by educational level and gender

Incoming migrants in the Helsinki region by level of education and sex from 2005 onwards. The data includes migration between municipalities (departure migration, incoming migration) as well as those who have moved to and from the country by level of education and sex. ##Regional Limits The Helsinki region consists of four municipalities in the Helsinki Metropolitan Area, Helsinki, Espoo, Vantaa and Kauniainen, and ten framework municipalities Hyvinkää, Järvenpää, Kerava, Kirkkonummi, Mäntsälä, Nurmijärvi, Pornainen, Sipoo, Tuusula and Vihti. The table shows the Helsinki metropolitan area, the framework area, the Helsinki region and Finland. In addition, the table includes the sum level Uusimaa, which covers the municipalities of Askola, Hanko, Inkoo, Karjalohja, Karkkila, Lapinjärvi, Lohja, Loviisa (1.1.2010, combined Loviisa, Pernaja, Swedish pyhtää, Liljendal), Myrskylä, Nummi-Pusula, Porvoo, Pulkkila, Raasepori and Siuntio. The regional breakdown corresponds to the situation on 1 January of the year following the statistical year. As a result, intra-municipal migrations between the combined municipalities have been transferred to internal migrations. At the beginning of 2009, the south-western part of the municipality of Sipoo (now Östersundom area) and the so-called Västerkulla wedge area from the city of Vantaa were incorporated into Helsinki. This should be taken into account when comparing population changes for the statistical years 2001-2007 with the figures for the 2008 statistical years concerning Helsinki, Vantaa and Sipoo, as well as the sum levels of the Helsinki Metropolitan Area and the framework area. The Helsinki region is a housing and labour market area. ##Target and cropping The Population Register Centre (VRK) collects all notifications concerning demographic changes — birth, death, marriage and divorce and migration — in a centralised manner. The Population Register Centre receives notification of changes from civil registry administrators, magistrates, courts, etc. The Population Register Centre processes and checks the data and updates its Population Information System (which until 1 November 1.11.1993 was called the central register of the population). The Population Register Centre sends data on population changes in machine-language format to Statistics Finland on a weekly basis, after updating the system, where the data are edited for statistical use and printed into statistical tables. Permanent changes of residence are included. The change to the area is referred to as immigration and moving out of the area is called departure change. The table is suitable for municipality-specific time series review. The comparison between municipalities is not meaningful in the absence of age distribution data. ##Categories The level of education is classified into three levels: no post-primary degree or degree unknown, upper secondary and tertiary level. The level of education in the table is in line with the situation at the end of the statistical year. The level of education in the statistics is only for the years 2005-2007. ##Data collection methods Information on the place of residence of persons can be obtained in the Population Information System via the notification of moving. According to the law, a person who changes his/her residence must, within one week of the change of residence, submit a change of residence notification to the Local Register Office of the new place of residence and the family members who have moved with them. The move is either permanent or temporary on the form. Upon receipt of the notification of the move, the Local Register Office will decide whether it is a temporary or permanent change of residence. Moving students to a place of study is considered to be permanent moves (the Municipality of Domestic Act 201/1994). The educational data were obtained from Statistics Finland’s Register of Qualifications. All completed post-primary education and training with a duration of at least 400 hours shall be considered as training. Adult education, such as training provided by the employer, training provided by organisations and associations, language courses, letter teaching, etc., shall not be counted as training. The breakdown of the level of education follows the structure of the school system, in which education progresses from the lower levels of education to the upper level by year. The longer the education is, the higher the level of education. Only one level of education has been taken into account for each person, which is the highest degree or the last degree of qualification of the same degree. The exception is those cases in which a person has completed a matriculation examination and a vocational qualification. In this case, education is determined by vocational qualification. No, no, no, no! Statistics on the level of education of immigrants are undercovered. The statistics on the level of education of the population include those degrees completed abroad, which provide information from various registers, e.g. from the National Board of Education, the Centre for the Legal Protection of Healthcare and the Register of Job Seekers of the Ministry of Labour. The majority of degrees completed abroad and registered in Finland are higher education qualifications. The degree data is only available to those who have a Finnish personal identity code. Due to these reasons, many foreigners’ degree data are missing in the register of qualifications, and when examining the educational situation of persons with foreign background, it is necessary to bear in mind this lack in the statistics.