Geological Map of the Federal Republic of Germany 1:200,000 (GÜK200) — CC 3910 Bielefeld

On sheet Bielefeld, the northern German lowlands to the south are bounded by the Mesozoan mountain ranges of the Wiehengebirge and the Teutoburg Forest. In the southwest corner of the map section, a small part of the Münster chalk basin is cut on. The morphology of the northern German lowlands is characterised by glacial influence. The quaternary top layer in the map section is dominated by sliding loams of the Saale Cold Age basic moraine. Fluvial deposits of the Vistula cold season are also widely used in the river drippings and sinks. Aeolian formations such as loess and flying sands also occur. The mountain ranges on the southern edge of the North German lowlands are formed by mesozoic sedimentary rocks. From the Upper Jura to the tertiary, they were subjected to shiftwise tectonic deformations, in which numerous disturbances and a typical structure of fractures were formed. A special feature is the Ibbenbüren plaice, where, as a result of ruptured tectonic processes, layers of the upper carbon with deposits of hard coal on the surface are stored. As a result of shift adjustments, different mesozoic strata emerge in the mountain ranges. While in the Wiehengebirge mainly sedimentary rocks of the Middle and Upper Jurassic are prevalent, in the Teutoburg Forest, in addition to Jura, also older layers of the Triassic are painted. Cretaceous sediments form the ridge of the Teutoburg Forest and mark the curved edge of Münster’s creek, which connects to the southwest and is filled with thick sediment layers of the upper chalk (Mergel and limestones up to 2 000 m depth). Between Teutoburg Forest and Wiehengebirge, the Piedsberg Pyrmonter axis extends, a structural bulge that reveals young Paleozoic sedimentary rocks (upper carbon and zechstone) in the area around Osnabrück, e.g. Westfal bite in the Hüggel southeast of Hasbergen. In addition to the legend, which informs about the age, genesis and petrography of the represented units, a geological profile provides additional insights into the structure of the subsurface. The southwest-north-east section crosses the Münster chalk basin, the quarry construction of the Mesozoan mountain ranges and the North German lowlands.