Geological Map of the Federal Republic of Germany 1:200,000 (GÜK200) — CC 5502 Cologne

Cologne Leaf depicts the Lower Rhine Bay, which collapsed in the Tertiary from the north into the Rhenish Schiefergebirge. The trench structure of the Lower Rhine Bay dominates the map section. Tertiary sediment filling (Paleocene to Pliocene) occurs only occasionally or in artificial open pits under the quaternary top layer of glazifluviatile deposits, loess, flight and dune sands or holocene moor and auesediments. In the southern and eastern section of the map, parts of the Rheinische Schiefergebirge are included: High Venn, Eifel, Bergisches Land and Siebengebirge. The oldest rocks of the Rheinische Schiefergebirge can be found in the Hohen Venn. Here, clay and sandstones as well as quartzites and slates of the Cambrian are stored, followed by rims of the ordovizium or slate of the lower devonian. To the northwest, the Hohe Venn is bounded by a highly folded zone (Hammerberg saddle, Inde-Mulde, Aachener Sattel) in which sedimentary rocks of the middle and upper devonium as well as coal lime from the subcarbons bite. In the Eifel, folded and shifted sedimentary rocks of the lower devonium are open. The limestone troughs of the Eifel North-South Zone with their carbonate rocks of the Middle and Upper Devon are striking. From the north, the Mechernicher Trias Bay, filled with bunt sandstone, mussel limestone and Keuper, has broken into the Eifel. In the eastern Eifel there are numerous occurrences of quaternary volcanoites (phonolite, basalt, pumice). From the right-Rhine slate mountains, foothills of the Bergische Land are cut in the northeast corner of the map sheet. While in the saddle structures (e.g. Remscheider Saddle) sedimentary rocks of the lower devonium (in a smaller deposit in Solingen even Ordovizium to Silur) occur, in the hollow structures (e.g. Paffrather Mulde) younger rocks of the middle devon have been preserved. Striking is the occurrence of mass limestone (reef limestone of the Middle Devon) near Bergisch Gladbach. In the Tertiary, the Rheinische Schiefergebirge was the scene of intense volcanicism. The Basalte, Trachyte and Latite as well as their tuffe in the Seven Mountains testify to this on the map sheet. In addition to the legend, which informs about the age, genesis and petrography of the represented units, a tectonic overview map presents the major regional geological units simplified. A profile cut provides additional insights into the structure of the substrate. The northwest-south-east profile crosses the tertiary sediments of the Lower Rhine Bay, the Old Paleozoic rocks of the High Venn, and the Lower Devon of the Eifel with the stored lime troughs of the Eifel North-South Zone.