Signaling Card Heat Cold Storage, Potential

The Signaling Card shows the potential for Heat Cold Storage (WKO) in South Holland. A WKO system stores excess heat and cold to use it at a later time. There are “open” and “closed” systems. A closed system stores the heat relatively shallow in underground pipes and has limited capacity. Open systems consist of a doublet of two bubbles of water (hot and cold) in suitable earth layers (aquifering package), from which water is pumped in and out. The card relates to the suitability of the subsurface for open WKO systems in the 2nd and 3 rd aquifer packages. Furthermore, the map contains the areas where WKO is restricted or not allowed.